Institute of Race Relations report on deaths in custody .509 people (an average of twenty-two per year) from BAME, refugee and migrant communities have died in Britain between 1991-2014 in suspicious circumstances . Police, prison authorities or immigration detention officers have been implicated. 

this report concludes that:

• a large proportion of these deaths have involved undue force and many more a culpable lack of care;

• despite critical narrative verdicts warning of dangerous procedures and the proliferation of guidelines, lessons are not being learnt; people die in similar ways year on year;

• although inquest juries have delivered verdicts of unlawful killing in at least twelve cases, no one has been convicted for their part in these deaths over the two and a half decades of the research;

• privatisation  and sub-contracting of custodial,  health and other services  compounds concerns and makes it harder to call agencies to account;

• Family and community campaigns have been crucial in  bringing about any change in institutions and procedures

• .

Authors ; Harmit Athwal and Jenny Bourne

Publisher ; Institute of Race Relations IRR

ISBN ; 9780850010756